15 546
редагувань
Зміни
нема опису редагування
== F.1. Вступ == Цей список був розроблений ''Британською бібліотекою'' для використання в записах UKMARC. В даний час список не оновлюється і не переглядається, так як ''Британська бібліотека'' перейшла на використання формату MARC21. Поточний список відповідає стану на липень 1986. == [[131]]$a: Сфероїд == {| class="tab" width="90%" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" align="center" valign="TOP"| width="33%" valign="TOP" | aa = Airy (1830) ab = Australian National (1966) ac = Bessel 1841 ad = Clarke 1858 ae = Clarke 1866 af = Clarke 1880 ag = Clarke 1880 (Modified) ah = Clarke 1880 (Palestine) ai = Danish (Andreae) aj = Delambre (Carte de France) || width="33%" valign="TOP" | ak = Everest (1830) al = Everest (Malaya) am = Everest (Borneo) an = Helmert 1906 ao = Hayford 1909 (and 1910) <i>International 1924</i> see Hayford (ao) ap = Kragenhoff aq = Krasovskiy 1848 ar = Müffling 1821 as = S.E. Asia ("Fischer 155") || width="33%" valign="TOP" | at = Struve ba = Svanberg bb = Zhylinskiy ("Adjustment Spheroid") bc = Walbeck bd = War Office (McCaw) 1924 be = World Geodetic System (1972-) uu = unknown spheroid zz = other known spheroid of construction of the map |} == 131$b: Горизонтальна основа системи координат == Примітка: Починаючи з коду "'''taa'''" також містить неспецифіковані осі горизонтальної системи координат {| class="tab" width="90%" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" align="center" | width="50%" valign="TOP" | aaa = Abidjan, Ivory Coast aab = Abra Pampa, Argentina aac = Abrolhos Lighthouse, Brazil aad = Abut Head (Okarito Meridional Circuit) South Island, New Zealand aae = Accra, Leigon Pillar (GCS No. 121), Ghana aaf = Aden Observatory aag = Aden Datum aah = Adelaide Observatory, South Australia aai = Adjusted between Hong Kong and Nanking Astronomic Points aaj = Adindan (30th Meridian) Datum, Sudan aak = Adjusted between Red Bridge Datum and Nanking Datum aal = Aee Pier, Phoenix Islands aam = Aerodist Datum Afgooye use cmo aan = African Datum aao = Agourai Base North End, Morocco aap = Agri (Danish GI 1934), Denmark aaq = Agrihan Astronomic Station (1920), Agrihan Island, Marianas Islands aar = Ahaura (Grey Meridional Circuit), South Island, New Zealand aas = Ain el Abd, Kuwait aat = Akmolinsk Mosque, USSR aba = Akra Milon (Cum-Burnu), Leros abb = Akureuri, Iceland abc = Alamagan Astromic Station (1920), Alamagan Island, Mariana Islands abd = Albasin, USSR abe = Al Bushairyah, Qatar abf = Al Da Asa, Arabia abg = Aleksandrovsk, USSR abh = Alma Ata, USSR abi = American Samoa Datum 1962, Samoa Islands abj = Amersfoort 1885, Netherlands abk = Anatahan Astronomic Station (1920), Anatahan Island, Marcus Islands abl = Anatahan E, 29th Engr 1964, Anatahan Island, Mariana Islands abm = Angola Datum, Angola abn = Ankara, Turkey abo = An-lu Astro, China abp = A Patutahi, New Zealand abq = Aon Island Triangulation Station, Utirik Atoll, Marshall Islands abr = Apia Observatory Tranist House, Opolu Island, Samoa Island abs = Apollo 15 Datum, Moon abt = Approximate European Datum, Afghanistan aca = Approximate European Datum, Cyprus acb = Approximate European Datum, Egypt acc = Approximate European Datum, Iran acd = Approximate European Datum, Iraq ace = Approximate European Datum, Israel acf = Approximate European Datum, Jordan acg = Approximate European Datum, Libya aci = Approximate European Datum, Syria acj = Approximate European Datum, Turkey ack = Approximate Hong Kong Datum acl = Approximate Indian 1960 Datum acm = Approximate Indian Datum, Afghanistan acn = Approximate Indian Datum, Burma aco = Approximate Indian Datum, Cambodia, Laos, North Vietnam, South Vietnam acp = Approximate Indian Datum, India acq = Approximate Indian Datum, Thailand acr = Approximate Kweiyang, China acs = Approximate Luzon Datum, Philippines act = Approximate Nanking Datum ada = Approximate Nanking 1960 Datum adb = Aproximate North American Datum 1927, Greater Antilles adc = Approximate Old Hawaiian Datum, Hawaiian Islands add = Approximate Red Bridge Datum ade = Approximate Tokyo Datum adf = Arahodoka-Byo Astro adg = Arc (of the 30th Meridian) 1935 Datum, Africa adh = Arc (of the 30th Meridian) 1950 Datum, Africa adi = Arc (of the 30th Meridian) 1960 Datum, Africa adj = Arc (of the 30th Meridian) (unspecified) Datum, Africa adk = Archway Rock, Gough Island adl = Arequipa Astro, Bolivia adm = Arkhangel'sk, USSR adn = Arumenii Island Triangulation Station, Bikor Atoll, Marshall Islands ado = Arutunga (Anchorage) Observation Spot, Aitutaki Island, Cook Islands adp = A.S. 120 Tokong Hill, Balik Papan, Kalimantan, Indonesia adq = Ascension Astro 1955 adr = Ascension Island 1958 ads = Ashkhabad, USSR adt = Asor Astro 1966, Caroline Islands aea = Astro Observation Point East Island Maug, Mariana Islands aeb = Astro Observation Point Pagan, Mariana Islands aec = Astro Observation Point Rota, Mariana Islands aed = Astro Observation Point Uracus, Mariana Islands aee = Astro Pier, Swains Island, Samoa Islands aef = Astro - 1958, Montserrat, Lesser Antilles aeg = Astro 502, USSR aeh = Astro 809, USSR aei = Astronomic Point (1951) Yap, Caroline Islands aej = Astronomic Station (1951), Elato Atoll, Caroline Islands aek = Astronomic Station (1952) Marcus Island ael = Astronomic Station ''A' (1951), Jemo Island, Marshall Islands aem = Astronomic Station Bab South (1947), Babelthaup Is., Caroline Islands aen = Astronomic Station Beacon E (1945). Iwo-Jima, Bonin Islands aeo = Astronomic Station B1 (1920), Gaferut Island, Caroline Islands aep = Astronomic Station B4 (1920), Sorol Atoll, Caroline Islands aeq = Astronomic Station Hong (1947), Admiralty Islands aer = Astronomic Station Mirami-Oaguri-Shima, Daito Islands, Ryukyu Islands aes = Astronomic Station Nishino-Shima, Bonin Islands aet = Astronomic Station No. B (1921), Ifalik Atoll, Caroline Islands afa = Astronomic Station No. B1 (1921), Pulap Atoll, Caroline Islands afb = Astronomic Station No. 1 (1951), Nomoi Islands, Caroline Islands afc = Astronomic Station No. 1 (1951), Pingelap Island, Caroline Islands afd = Astronomic Station No. 1 (1951), Puluwat Atoll, Caroline Islands afe = Astronomic Station No. 1 (1951), Woleai Atoll, Caroline Islands aff = Astronomic Station No. 1-A (1951), Namorik Atoll, Marshall Islands afg = Astronomic Station No. 2 (1951), Majuro Atoll, Marshall Islands afh = Astronomic Station No. 2 (1951), Truk Island, Caroline Islands afi = Astronomic Station No. 2 (1952), Wake Island afj = Astronomic Station No. 4 (1951), Mukuoro Atoll, Caroline Islands afk = Astronomic Station No. 8 (1951), Ngatik Atoll, Caroline Islands afl = Astronomic Station No. 19 (1951), Nomwin Atoll, Caroline Islands afm = Astronomic Station No. 32 (1951), Ulithi Atoll, Marshall Islands afn = Astronomic Station No. 42 (1952), Kwajalein Atoll, Marshall Islands afo = Astronomic Station No. 61-A (1951), Jauluit Atoll, Marshall Islands afp = Astronomic Station No. 5, Chichi-Jima, Bonin Islands afq = Astronomic Station Ponape (1951), Ponape Island, Senyavin Islands, Caroline Islands afr = Astronomical Fixation W.A. 21, Western Australia afs = Astronomical Station, Dunpu, New Guinea aft = Astronomical Station, Salankana, New Guinea aga = Astronomical Station, Wau, New Guinea agb = Astro-Secor 1966, Tarawa and Gilbert Islands agc = Asunción Astronomic Station (1920), Mariana Islands agd = Atafu Astro, Atafu Island, Tokelau Islands age = Athens Datum, Greece agf = Athens National Observatory, Greece agg = Athi, Kenya agh = Austral Pillar W.A., Western Australia agi = Australian Army Observation Point L.A. 22, Lacrosse Island, Western Australia agj = Australian Army Observation Point W.A. 3, Cockatoo Island, Western Australia agk = Australian Datum, Australia agl = Australian Geodetic, Australia <i>Australian National Datum, Australia</i> see Australian Datum (agk) agm = Australian Provisional Datum, Australia agn = Ayabacas Base, Peru ago = Azabu Observatory, Tokyo (Bonin Islands and Ryukyu Islands) agp = B of base-Luiz Correia, Brazil agq = Baa-Ratti, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia agr = Bahia Honda, Venezuela ags = Baie du Morbihan Base North End, Kerguelen agt = Baker Island Astro Pier, Baker Island, Oceania aha = Baku-Aleksandra-Nevskiy Cathedral, USSR ahb = Baku 1927 System, USSR ahc = Balanachan, Philippines ahd = Balikesir, Turkey ahe = Baliza Chiriguano, Graham Land, Antarctica ahf = Baltra Island Astro, Galapagos Island, Ecuador ahg = Banjer Masin Astro, Borneo ahh = Banika Island Observation Spot, Russel Island, Solomon Islands ahi = Bara Bay, Buru, Moluccas, Indonesia ahj = Barcelona, Venezuela ahk = Barreira do Monta, Brazil ahl = Base Este (Fort de Coimbra), Brazil ahm = Batavia, Java, Indonesia ahn = Bathurst Base East End, Gambia aho = Beacon A, Espiritu Santo Island, New Hebrides ahp = Beacon, Christmas Island, Line Islands ahq = Bekaa Badse South End, Lebanon ahr = Belgian 1950 System (Lommel Signal), Belgium ahs = Belgrano (old), Argentina aht = Belgrano 1928, Argentina aia = Bengasi Lighthouse, Libya aib = Beni Meyimel, Morocco aic = Barracks, Libya aid = Bermuda Datum 1943, Bermuda Islands aie = Bermuda Datum 1957, Bermuda Islands aif = Bermuda Datum 1959, Bermuda Islands aig = Bermuda Datum 1964, Bermuda Islands aih = Bern (1898), Switzerland aii = Biak Base West End, Biak Island, Schouten Islands aij = Biao, Fernando Po Island, Spanish Guinea aik = Bikati (Pikhat) Island Astro, Gilbert Island ail = Bikini, Marshall Islands aim = Binaro Astro, 1949 ain = Birnie Island, Phoenix Island aio = Bissau Base Northwest End Pillar, Guinea-Bissau aip = Bjornova aiq = Blumut, Johore, Malaysia air = Boa Entrada, 1955 ais = Boca Grande Astro, Venezuela ait = Boghra, Afghanistan aja = Bogotá Observatorio, Colombia ajb = Bogoslovskiy, USSR ajc = Bogovskaya, USSR ajd = Bokku Island Triangulation Station, Wotje Atoll, Marshall Islands aje = Bolkhov, USSR ajf = Bon Said Lighthouse, Tunisia ajg = Bonto Island Triangulation Station, Marshall Islands ajh = Borowa Gora, Poland aji = Borugu-Byo Astro, China ajj = Bosun Astro 1941, Midway Islands ajk = Botanical Hill, South Island, New Zealand ajl = Bowen Observation Spot, Queensland, Australia ajm = Brazzaville, Congo (Brazzaville) ajn = BS 67, Malaysia ajo = Bucharest, Rumania ajp = Buffelsfontein, South Africa ajq = Bukit Asa Datum, Selangor, Malaysia ajr = Bukit Panau, Kelantan, Malaysia ajs = Bukit Rimpan, Banka Island, Indonesia ajt = Bulgarian, Bulgaria aka = Buller, South Island, New Zealand akb = Busoga, Uganda akc = Busowa, Uganda akd = Bushehr, Iran ake = Byrd Station, Antarctica akf = Cabo Bojador Lighthouse, Spanish Sahara akg = Cagayan Sulu, Cagayan Sulu Island, Philippines akh = Cairns, Queensland, Australia aki = Camacupa Base SW End (Campo de Aviacao), Angola akj = Camorta, Nicobar Islands akk = Camp Area Astro akl = Campo de Mayo Base, Argentina akm = Campo Inchauspe, Argentina akn = Campos Rodrigues, Mozambique ako = Cam Lang, Vietnam akp = Candlemas Island Astro, Antarctica akq = Canton Island Astro 1966 akr = Cap Esteiras Astro aks = Cape Canaveral Datum, USA akt = Cape Hotham Lighthouse, Northern Territory, Australia ala = Cape St Jacques, Vietnam alb = Cape Town Observatory, South Africa alc = Cape, South Africa ald = Caracas (Observatorio Cajigal) 1911, Venezuela ale = Caracas (Observatorio Cajigal) 1937, Venezuela alf = Cardenas, Cuba alg = Carthage, Tunisia alh = Castanea delle Furie, Sicily ali = Castelli Base SE End, Argentina alj = Castelo di São Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal alk = Castiletes, Venezuela all = Cay, Panaeati Island, Deboyne Islands, Louisiade Archipelago alm = Central Origin, Australia aln = Centro de Base (Mato Grosso), Brazil alo = Cerro de Montevideo, Uruguay alp = Cerro Puntiagudo, Argentina alq = Ceylon alr = Chagos (Sao 69) als = Ch'ang'chun, Manchuria alt = Che'eng-te, Manchuria ama = Chi-kou-yang, China amb = Ch'in Hsien Astro, China amc = Ch'ung-Yang Astro, China amd = Chang-chia-kou, China ame = Chatham Island Astronomical Section, Chatham Island, New Zealand amf = Chatham Island Observatory, Port Blair, Andaman Islands amg = Chen-tu Astro, China amh = Chernyy Verkh, Bulgaria ami = Chiao-shan, China amj = Chichi Jima, Bonin Islands amk = Chich-ch'eng Astro, China aml = Chin-men'tao Astro, China amm = Chiu-chiang Astro, China amn = China Land Survey School, China amo = Ching-chou Astro, China amp = Ching-lo Astro, China amq = Ching-men Astro (West Base), China amr = Cho-lu Astro, China ams = Chos Malal, Argentina amt = Christmas Island Astro ana = Chua Astro anb = Chung-kung-ch'Appendix i Astro, China anc = Chufut-Kale, USSR and = Church (Luganville), Espiritu Santo Island, New Hebrides ane = Chyahatsuro Astro, China anf = Circuit, Rhodesia ang = Clipperton Island Astro 1957, Clipperton Island anh = Clipperton Island Light 1935, Clipperton Island ani = Colline Verte Lighthouse (Kwangshowan), China anj = Conakry Pyramid of the Service Géographique, Guinea ank = Congo Yella Base, Zaire anl = Congreso Plaza Constitucion, Asunción, Paraguay anm = Constanta, Rumania ann = Cookes Pillar, Broome, Western Australia ano = Copenhagen (Nicolai), Denmark anp = Córdoba, Argentina anq = Corrego Alegre, Brazil anr = Cotonou Astro ans = Cruz Astro, Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands ant = Dacin-byo Astro, China aoa = Daito Shima Astro, Ryukyu Islands aob = Dakar, Senegal aoc = Danish Geodetic Institute 1934 System (AGRI), Denmark aod = Darwin Observation Pillar, Northern Territory, Australia aoe = Datum da Ilha das Flores, Flores and Corvo, Azores aof = Datum de Ilha Gracioso-Base SW, Terceira, São Jorge, Pico, Faial, and Graciosa, Azores aog = Datum du Ilha de São Miguel-S, Bras, São Miguel and Santa Maria Islands, Azores aoh = Datum Nacional (San José), Chile <i>Datum Provisional la Canoa</i> see Provisional South American 1956 Datum (cat) aoi = Davao, Mindinao, Philippines aoj = DC S-3 Astro-1913, St Lucia, Lesser Antilles aok = Dedele Point Observation Spot, Papua aol = Dergachi, USSR aom = Derna Lighthouse, Libya aon = Desaiz, Martinique, Lesser Antilles aoo = Dili, Timor, Indonesia aop = Direction Island Observation Spot, Coco or Keeling Islands aoq = Djakarta New, Indonesia <i>Djebel Beni Mdjimet</i> see Beni Meyimel (aib) aor = Dodo Island Observation Spot, Arno Atoll, Marshall Islands aos = Dominica Astro M-12, Dominica, Lesser Antilles aot = Dorpat II, Estonia apa = DOS Astro Guxi (Guadalcanal), Solomon Islands apb = DOS Astro SLX2, Sierra Leone apc = DOS 415, Gambia apd = Douala Airfield Flagstaff, Cameroon ape = Dunnose, Great Britain apf = East Base, Loyalty Islands apg = East Mediterranean Chain, Tunisia aph = Easter Island 1967 api = Eastern Rock, Poeloe Bam, West Irian apj = Egypt-1930, Egypt (United Arab Republic) apk = El Aaiun, Spanish Sahara apl = El Bolson SB, Argentina apm = Elbow Cay Light, Bahamas apn = Emery Point Lighthouse, Northern Territory, Australia apo = Enderbury Island, Phoenix Islands app = Enibrik Island Observation Spot, Ailinginae Atoll, Marshall Islands apq = Eniibukku Island Observation Spot, Mogiri, Marshall Islands apr = Eniirikku Island Observation Spot, Mogiri, Marshall Islands aps = Eniwetok Astro Pier, Marshall Islands apt = Eniwetok-Wake 1960 Datum, Marshall Islands aqa = Enuebing Triangulation Station, Ailinglapalap Atoll, Marshall Islands aqb = Enyvertok Island Observation Spot, Rongerik Atoll, Marshall Islands aqc = Erappu Channel Triangulation Station, Ailuk Atoll, Marshall Islands aqd = Erdöhegy, Hungary aqe = Erh-lien Dabusu Astro, China aqf = Estanques, Venezuela aqg = ETC Longitude Pillar, Malta Islands aqh = European Datum aqi = Extremo B2 Base Forteleza, Brazil aqj = Extremo SE da Base (Minas Gerica), Brazil aqk = Extremo Sul da Base (Piaui), Brazil aql = Faaire Island Astro Station, Tuamoto Archipelago aqm = Fais Astro, Fais Island, Caroline Islands aqn = Fakfak, West Irian aqo = Famagusta, Cyprus aqp = Fao, Iraq aqq = Farallon de Medinilla Astro Station (1921), Mariana Islands aqr = Farallon de Pajaros Astro Station (1920), Mariana Islands aqs = Fernando de Noronha Astro, Brazil aqt = Fiji, 1956 ara = Final Sydney Datum 1941, New South Wales, Australia arb = Final 1958, Iran arc = Firestone Astro, Liberia ard = First Astro 1942 are = Flagstaff Government Station, Abaiang Atoll, Gilbert Islands arf = Flamingo Cay Light, Bahamas arg = Flores Astro 1939 arh = Forteleza Astro, Brazil ari = Fort Ambon, Moluccas, Indonesia arj = Fort Charles Flagstaff, Greater Antilles ark = Fort Cornwallis Flagstaff, Penang, Malaysia (West) arl = Fort George Observation Spot, Cayman Islands arm = Fort St Louis Flagstaff, Martinique, Lesser Antilles arn = Fort Thomas 1955, St Kitts-Nevis, Lesser Antilles aro = French Hydrographic arp = French Mission Astro, Ecuador arq = Front Range, New Caledonia arr = Fuglenes, Norway ars = Gabon 1951 art = Gaferut Astro, Caroline Islands asa = Gahai-Byo Astro, China = asb = Gambia Datum, Gambia asc = Gan 1970 asd = Gandajika Base, Zaire ase = Gardner Island, Phoenix Islands asf = Gavan Sibir, USSR asg = Gawler Downs, South Island, New Zealand ash = Gellerthegy, Hungary asi = Genoa 1908, Italy asj = Genuk, Java, Indonesia ask = Geodetic Datum 1949, New Zealand asl = Ghana Datum, Ghana asm = Gladstone Observation Spot, Queensland, Australia asn = Goenoeng Dempo, Sumatra, Indonesia aso = Golf Links, Sarawak, Malaysia asp = Gora A Krasnovodsk Gur Yev, USSR asq = Gorda Point Lighthouse, Nicaragua asr = Gould Astro, Antarctica ass = Goulter S Hill, South Island, New Zealand ast = Government General, Dakar, Senegal ata = Government Offices Flagstaff, Singapore atb = Graciosa Base SW End, Terceira, Azores atc = Grasberg, New Guinea atd = Great Inagua Island Light, Bahamas ate = Great Isaacs Light, Bahamas atf = Great Ragged Island Light, Bahamas atg = Great Stirrup Cay Astro, Bahamas ath = Greek Datum, Greece ati = Greenwich Observatory, Great Britain and Ireland atj = Gromen 1951 atk = Grönfjörden, Svalbard atl = Gronne Island, Greenland atm = Grupo Escolar, Brazil atn = G Segara Datum, Kalimantan, Indonesia ato = G Serindung 1962 atp = Guam 1913 atq = Guam 1963 atr = Guadalupe Astro 1946 ats = Guardia Vecchia, Sardinia, Italy att = Guasopa, Woodlark (Murua) Island, Trobriand Islands baa = Guayaquil Astro, Ecuador bab = Guguan Astro Station (1920), Mariana Islands bac = Guhong Gajah Trom, Trengganu, Malaysia (West) bad = Gunong Hijau Larut, Perak, Malaysia (West) bae = Gun Cay Light, Bahamas baf = Gun Hill, Negri Sembilan, Malaysia (West) bag = Ha-erh-pin, Manchuria bah = Habay-La-Neuve Base North End, Luxembourg bai = Hai-la-erh, Manchuria baj = Hainan Island, China bak = Hairingassho-Byo Astro, China bal = Hallett Astro, Antarctica bam = Hammond Rock Light, New Guinea ban = Hao'hsien Astro, China bao = Hanoi Belvedere (Mirador), Vietnam bap = Harbin, Manchuria baq = Harvey Cay Light, Bahamas bar = Hassetche Base South End, Syria bas = Hawaiian Hiran (WGS 1966) bat = Helsinki, Kallio Church, Finland bba = Herat North, Afghanistan bbb = Hermannskogel, Austria bbc = Hito XVIII Astro, Chile bbd = Hjörsey 1955, Iceland bbe = Ho-ching Astro, China bbf = Hog Island Light, Bahamas bbg = Hogsty Reef Light, Bahamas bbh = Hokkaido Central, Japan bbi = Hole-in-the-Wall Light, Bahamas bbj = Hong Kong-Nanking Astro Datum bbk = Hong Kong-New Territories Datum, Hong Kong bbl = Hong Kong 1929 Datum bbm = Hong Kong 1963 bbn = Hope Bay, Graham Land, Antarctica bbo = Horinhodoka Astro, China bbp = Hospital Astro, Paraguay bbq = Hsi-an, China bbr = Hsi-ta-shan, Manchuria bbs = Hsin-Yang Astro, China bbt = Hsiu-Ying Astro, China bca = Hua-Shao-Ying Astro, China bcb = Huai-an Astro, China bcc = Huai-lai Astro, China bcd = Huang River Commission (1936), China bce = Huirangi, North Island, New Zealand bcf = Hull Island, Phoenix Islands bcg = Hun-chun, Manchuria bch = Hun-shan System bci = Hupeh, Arc 1, China bcj = Hupeh, Arc 2, China bck = Hupeh, Arc 3, China bcl = Hupeh, Arc 4, China bcm = Hupeh, Arc 5, China bcn = Hupeh, Arc 6, China bco = Hupeh, Arc 7, 8 and 9A, China bcp = Hupeh, Arc 10 and 11, China bcq = Hupeh, Arc 12 and 22, China bcr = Hupeh, Arc 13 and 15A, China bcs = Hupeh, Arc 14, China bct = Hupeh, Arc 16, China bda = Hupeh, Arc 17, China bdb = Hupeh, Arc 18, China bdc = Hupeh, Arc 19, China bdd = Hupeh, Arc 19A, China bde = Hupeh, Arc 20 and 21, China bdf = Hupeh Local, China bdg = Husdalen, Hopen Island bdh = Husvik Astro, Antarctica bdi = Hu-tzu-shan, Taiwan bdk = I-chang Astro (South Base), China bdl = I-chou Astro, China bdm = I-Hsien Astro, China bdn = I-shui Astro, China bdo = Iben Astro 1947, Caroline Islands bdp = Ikateq Astro 1945 bdq = Îlet à Cochons Flagstaff, Guadeloupe, Lesser Antilles bdr = Iligan, Mindanao, Philippines bds = Iloiolo, Panay, Philippines bdt = Iman 1914, USSR bea = Indian Datum, India beb = Indian Datum 1916, India bec = Indian Datum 1960, India bed = Ireland 1965 bee = Irkutsk, USSR bef = Ishigaki Shima Astro, Ryukyu Islands beg = Ishpushta, Afghanistan beh = Isla del Coco Astro bei = Ists 973 Astro 1969 bej = Isolated Hill, South Island, New Zealand bek = Itaembe-Mini, Argentina bel = Italian Triang 1913-1914 bem = Itarare N Base Itajuba, Brazil ben = Iwo Jima, Bonin Islands beo = Jabal and Dukhan, Bahrain Island bep = Jaragua, Brazil beq = Jazirat Yaz (RAF Petrol Tank), Sir Bani Yas Island, Trucial States ber = Jesselton, North Borneo, Malaysia bes = Jesuit College Flagstaff, Belize, British Honduras bet = Jo-ch'i Astro, China bfa = Johnston Island 1961 Datum, Johnston Island bfb = Johnston Origin, Northern Territory Australia bfc = Juing-ch'eng Astro, China bfd = Jung-shui Astro, China bfe = Jurinet-2, Greater Antilles bff = Kaarappu Triangulation Point F-6 (1918), Ant Atoll, Caroline Islands bfg = Kalianpur Datum, Pakistan/India bfh = Kalianpur Hill Station (National Geodetic Origin), India/Pakistan bfi = Kandalaksha-St John S Church, USSR bfj = Kandawala Datum, Ceylon bfk = Kandilli, Turkey bfl = Kantara, Cyprus bfm = Kapingamarangi Astronomic Station No.3 (1951), Kapingamarangi Atoll, Caroline Islands bfn = Karamea, South Island, New Zealand bfo = Karpinsk, USSR bfp = Kasalinsk, USSR bfq = Kashizan Datum, Taiwan bfr = Katanga, Zaire bfs = Kauai bft = Kavieng Astro, New Ireland, Bismarck Archipelago bga = KCS2, Sierra Leone bgb = Kenya Colony, Uganda (Rainsford 1948) Datum bgc = Kertau, Malaysia bgd = Kertau 1948 revised, Malaysia bge = Kertau (Everest) Datum, Malaysia bgf = Kertau (Repsold System) Malaysia (West) bgg = Kesztej (Marosvasarhely), Hungary bgh = Khao Luang, Thailand bgi = Khartoum, Sudan bgj = Kieta Astro, Bougainville, Solomon Islands bgk = Kili Island Observation Spot, Kili Island, Marshall Islands bgl = Kloster Ivaniæ, Yugoslavia bgm = Kobukutei, Pescadores bgn = Koepang, Timor, Indonesia || width="50%" valign="TOP" | bgo = Koh-I-Malik Siah, Pakistan bgp = Kogo, Rio Muni, Spanish Guinea bgq = Koiaris Astro 1947, Bougainville, Solomon Islands bgr = Koiterangi, South Island, New Zealand bgs = Korla Astro, China bgt = Koror Observation Point, Koror Island, Caroline Islands bha = Kos Forst (Coo-castello), Kos, Dodecanese, Greece <i>Koshizan</i> see Hu-tzu-shan (bdi) bhb = Kostroma, USSR bhc = Kowloon Observatory, Hong Kong bhd = K'uei'tao, China bhe = Ku-yuan, China bhf = Kuan-hsiang Shan, China bhg = Kuching Survey Origin, Sarawak, Malaysia bhh = Kulusuk, Greenland bhi = Kuo'hsien Astro, China bhj = Kusaie Astronomic Station 3 (1951), Kusaie Island, Caroline Islands bhk = Kutaka, Okinawa, Ryukyu Islands bhl = Kuybyshev-Orsk, USSR bhm = Kwajalein Astronomical Position US Navy 1944, Marshall Islands bhn = Kwangsi Province, China bho = Kwangtung, China bhp = Kweiyang, China bhq = Kyushu West, Japan bhr = Kyustendil, Bulgaria bhs = La Canoa bht = Lago Belgrano SB, Argentina bia = Lago Palena SB, Argentina bib = Lai-yang Astro, China bic = Lamotrek Astronomic Station (1951), Lamotrek Atoll, Caroline Islands bid = Latvian, Latvia bie = Le Pouce, Mauritius bif = Lee No 7 (Butler 1911-1913), Guam, Mariana Islands big = Legaspi, Luzon, Philippines bih = Leigon Pillar (GCS no 121), Accra, Ghana bii = Lemuta, Samoa Islands bij = Leninsk (Kol Chugino), USSR bik = Leros (Lero-Pandelli), Dodecanese bil = Leste NE Base, Brazil bim = Leuen Anchorage Observation Spot, Namu Atoll, Marshall Islands bin = Lib Island NW Edge, Marshall Islands bio = Li-ching Astro, China bip = Li-shih Astro, China biq = Liberia 1964 (Roberts Field Astro) bir = Liberian Government, Liberia bis = Limones Cuba, Greater Antilles bit = Lin-ch'ing Astro, China bja = Lindis Peak, South Island, New Zealand bjb = Line Island Astro, Line Islands bjc = Lisbon, (Castelo Di São Jorge), Portugal bjd = Listvenichnoye, USSR bje = Little San Salvador Light, Bahamas</p><p> bjf = Liu-k'o'tao, China</p><p> bjg = Lobito Base NE End, Angola</p><p> bjh = Lochmaben Astronomical Station, Tasmania</p><p> bji = Loma Quintana, Venezuela</p><p><i>Lommel Signal</i> see Belgian 1950 System (ahr)</p><p><i>Longitude, Christmas Island</i> see Beacon, Christmas Island (ahp)</p><p> bjj = Longitude, Mariana Islands</p><p> bjk = Lourenço Marques Observatory, Mozambique</p><p> bjl = Losap Astronomic Station B3 (1924), Losap Atoll, Caroline Islands</p><p> bjm = Losuia, Kiriwina Island, Caroline Islands</p><p> bjn = Lotj Island Observation Spot, Lae Atoll, Marshall Islands</p><p> bjo = Loudima, Congo (Brazzaville)</p><p> bjp = Lu-chi Astro, China</p><p> bjq = Le-feng Base East End, China</p><p> bjr = Lu-kou'ch lao Astro, China</p><p> bjs = Lung'i'ou Astro, China</p><p> bjt = Lung-kuan Astro, China</p><p> bka = Luzon Datum, Philippines</p><p> bkb = Maccio Air Navigation Light (IAGS), Brazil</p><p> bkc = Macuco, Brazil</p><p> bkd = Madagascar Datum, Madagascar</p><p> bke = Madeira Archipelago</p><p> bkf = Medeira, Brazil</p><p> bkg = Madrid 1853, Spain</p><p> bkh = Magreva Island Base North End, Gambier Island, Tuamotu Archipelago</p><p> bki = Mahon 1928, Argentina</p><p> bkj = Mai, Lucipari Island, Indonesia</p><p> bkk = Majuro Astronomic Station 1944, Marshall Islands</p><p> bkl = Malayan Revised Datum, Malaysia (West)</p><p> bkm = Malta Datum, Malta Island</p><p> bkn = Man Island Light, Bahamas</p><p> bko = Manchurian Principal System, Manchuria</p><p> bkp = Mandinga Astro, Ecuador</p><p> bkq = Maniagassa Island Astro Pier (1944), Mariana Islands</p><p> bkr = Manira</p><p> bks = Manokwari, West Irian</p><p> bkt = Mañon (Old), Argentina</p><p> bla = Manton Triangulation Point F2 (1918), Senyavin Island, Caroline Islands</p><p> blb = Manton Observation Spot, Molik Atoll, Caroline Islands</p><p> blc = Marcus Astro 1961</p><p> bld = Marcus Astro 1965</p><p> ble = Marosvasarhely, Hungary</p><p> blf = Martín García, Argentina</p><p> blg = Masira Island Astro, 1958</p><p> blh = Massoua, (Eritrea), Ethiopia</p><p> bli = Matsu Datum, Matsu Island</p><p> blj = Matsuwa Astro, Kuril Islands</p><p> blk = Matupi Astro 1947, New Britain, Bismark Archipelago</p><p> bll = Maug 1950 71st Esld, Maug Island, Mariana Islands</p><p> blm = Maurice Datum, Australia</p><p> bln = Mayo de Campo, Argentina</p><p> blo = McKean Island, Phoenix Islands</p><p> blp = McMurdo Camp Area, Antarctica</p><p> blq = Medinella 29th Engr Astro (1961), Mariana Islands</p><p> blr = Mejit Astronomic Station B1 (1919), Mejit Island, Marshall Islands</p><p> bls = Melbourne Observatory, Victoria, Australia</p><p> blt = Mellu Island Triangulation Station, Marshall Islands</p><p> bma = Mellu Island Triangulation Station and Ringelap Island Observation Spot, Marshall Islands</p><p> bmb = Merchich, Morocco</p><p> bmc = Mercury (Fischer 1960) Datum</p><p> bmd = Meºedag, Turkey</p><p> bme = Mi-shan I, Manchuria</p><p> bmf = Mi-shan II, Manchuria</p><p> bmg = Midway Astro 1961</p><p> bmh = Miguelete N, Argentina</p><p> bmi = Mildura Aerodrome, Victoria, Australia</p><p> bmj = Militar, Argentina</p><p> bmk = Minna, Nigeria</p><p> bml = Misamis, Mindanao, Philippines</p><p> bmm = Misurata Marina, Libya</p><p> bmn = Miyako Jima Astro, Ryukyu Islands</p><p> bmo = Moçãmedes, Angola</p><p> bmp = Modified Mercury (Fischer 1968)</p><p> bmq = Mogadiscio, Somalia</p><p> bmr = Molinduko, Kenya</p><p> bms = Mombassa, Kenya</p><p> bmt = Monavatu, Viti Levu Island, Fiji Islands</p><p> bna = Montjong Lowe Datum, Sulawesi, Indonesia</p><p> bnb = Monte das Mocas Datum, Faial and Terceira Islands, Azores</p><p><i>Monte Mario Datum, Italy</i> see Monte Mario 1940 (bnd)</p><p> bnc = Monte Mario 1875, Rome, Italy</p><p> bnd = Monte Mario 1940, Rome, Italy</p><p> bne = Morro de Papagaio, Principe Island</p><p> bnf = Morro de Santo Antonio, Brazil</p><p> bng = Moscow University Obs, USSR</p><p> bnh = Mösting "A" 1960, Moon</p><p> bni = Moulin Jarry, Guadeloupe, Lesser Antilles</p><p> bnj = Mount Rapid, Fleurien Peninsula, South Australia</p><p> bnk = Mozambique, Mozambique</p><p> bnl = Mt Campbell, Australia</p><p> bnm = Mt Cook, South Island, New Zealand</p><p> bnn = Mt Eden, North Island, New Zealand</p><p> bno = Mt Eleanor, South Island, New Zealand</p><p> bnp = Mt Horrible, South Island, New Zealand</p><p> bnq = Mt Nicholas, South Island, New Zealand</p><p> bnr = Mt Pleasant, South Island, New Zealand</p><p> bns = Mt Robertson, Malaysia (East)</p><p> bnt = Mt Stewart, North Island, New Zealand</p><p> bnu = Monte Verde 1951, Cape Verde Islands</p><p> boa = Mt York, South Island, New Zealand</p><p> bob = Murilo Astronomic Station No. 19 (1951), Murilo Atoll, Caroline Islands</p><p> boc = M79, Iraq</p><p> bod = Nahrwan Datum, Iraq</p><p> boe = Namoluk Astronomic Station (1924), Namoluk Atoll, Caroline Islands</p><p> bof = Nan-ao'tao Astro, China</p><p> bog = Nanking Astro, China</p><p> boh = Nanking Datum 1960, China</p><p> boi = Naparima Datum, Trinidad and Tobago</p><p><i>New (1960) Arc</i> see Arc (of the 30th Meridian) 1960 Datum (adi)</p><p> boj = New British, Great Britain</p><p> bok = New Bulgarian, Bulgaria</p><p> bol = New Danish System (Buddings Station I 620, Copenhagen) Denmark</p><p> bom = New French, France</p><p> bon = New Egyptian, Egypt (United Arab Republic)</p><p> boo = New Lighthouse, Tripoli, Libya</p><p> bop = New Pillar, Tanzania</p><p> boq = New Sahara Datum 1959</p><p> bor = New South Wales, Australia</p><p> bos = New Sydney Datum, Australia</p><p> bot = Ngatik Astronomic Station No. 8 (1951), Ngatik Atoll, Caroline Islands</p><p> bpa = Ngulu Astronomic Station No. 1 (1951), Ngulu Atoll, Caroline Islands</p><p> bpb = Nicolai, Copenhagen, Denmark</p><p> bpc = Nigeria Datum, Nigeria</p><p> bpd = Nikolayev, USSR</p><p> bpe = Nikolskoe Astro 1929</p><p> bpf = Niu-chiao'shan Astro, China</p><p> bpg = NMA/S/21 Azimuth Island, Antarctica</p><p> bph = NMA/S/39 Wilkes Station, Antarctica</p><p> bpi = Nomoi Astro, Nomoi Atoll, Caroline Islands</p><p> bpj = Nordlaguna, Jan Mayen Island</p><p> bpk = North American Datum</p><p> bpl = North American Datum 1913</p><p> bpm = North American Datum 1927</p><p> bpn = North Astro 1947</p><p> bpo = North Base Astro, Antarctica</p><p> bpp = North Point Entrance Island, Makin Atoll, Gilbert Islands</p><p> bpq = North Sahara Datum 1959</p><p> bpr = Northwest Point Astro, Bahamas</p><p> bps = Northwest Point Light, Bahamas</p><p> bpt = Noumea, New Caledonia</p><p> bqa = Numbuiloa, Vanau Levu Island, Fiji Islands</p><p> bqb = Oakam Yof Base, South End, Senegal</p><p> bqc = Observatoire d'Uccle, Belgium</p><p> bqd = Observatorio Astronomica de la Quinta Normal, Santiago, Chile</p><p> bqe = Observatorio Astronomico de Madrid, Spain</p><p> bqf = Observatorio da Comissão, Brazil</p><p> bqg = Observatorio National do Rio De Janeiro, Brazil</p><p> bqh = Observatorul Astronomic Militar Din Bucuresti (Dealul Pisc), Rumania</p><p> bqi = Observation Point, South Island, New Zealand</p><p> bqj = Observation Spot Bairiki Island, Tarawa Atoll, Gilbert Islands</p><p> bqk = Observation Spot, South Island, New Zealand</p><p> bql = Observation Spot Government Office, Kariatebike, Abemama Island, Gilbert Islands</p><p> bqm = Observation Spot (Taruia Pass) Tongareva Island, Cook Islands</p><p> bqn = Ocotopeque, Guatemala</p><p> bqo = Okinawa Datum 1927, Okinawa Island, Ryukyu Islands</p><p> bqr = Okino-daito-shima Astro, Daito Islands, Ryukyu Islands</p><p> bqs = Old British (Greenwich Observatory), Great Britain and Ireland</p><p> bqt = Old Egyptian, Egypt (United Arab Republic)</p><p> bra = Old Hawaiian Datum, Hawaiian Islands</p><p> brb = Old Lighthouse, Tripoli, Libya</p><p> brc = Old Sydney Datum, New South Wales, Australia</p><p> brd = Opaki, North Island, New Zealand</p><p> bre = Oranhada Astro, China</p><p> brf = Oranharaga-byo Astro, China</p><p> brg = Oranjaran-byo Astro, China</p><p> brh = Ordnance Survey of Great Britain (1936) Datum</p><p> bri = Orenburg Cossacks</p><p> brj = Ormoc, Leyte, Philippines</p><p> brk = Oroluk Astronomic Station No. 1 (1951), Oroluk Atoll, Caroline islands</p><p> brl = Orsk, USSR</p><p> brm = Osh, USSR</p><p> brn = Oslo Observatory (Old), Norway</p><p> bro = Osuihe Astro, China</p><p> brp = Padang Base West End, Sumatra, Indonesia</p><p> brq = Paga Hill (1939), New Guinea</p><p> brs = Pagan 1950 71st Esld, Pagan Island, Mariana Islands</p><p> brt = Pai-chieh'shan Lighthouse, China</p><p> bsa = Pai-ling-miao Astro, China</p><p> bsb = Palau Astro, Caroline Islands</p><p> bsc = Palermo, Argentina</p><p> bsd = Palestine 1928, Israel/Jordan</p><p> bse = Palmer Astro</p><p> bsf = Panamá-Colón, Panama</p><p> bsg = Pandeli, Léros, Deodecanese, Greece</p><p> bsh = Panthéon, Paris, France</p><p> bsi = Pao-tou-Astro, China</p><p> bsj = Papatachi 1949, New Zealand</p><p> bsk = Papeete Astronomical Pier, Tahiti, Society Islands</p><p> bsl = Paraguari Base S End, Paraguay</p><p> bsm = Paraná, Argentina</p><p> bsn = Parapara, South Island, New Zealand</p><p> bso = Parece Vela Astronomic Point, Parece Vela (Douglas Reef)</p><p> bsp = Pency, Czechoslovkia</p><p> bsq = Pei-ching, China</p><p> bsr = Pei-king System 1954, China</p><p> bss = Pei-li Astro (1940), China</p><p> bst = Pei-ping, China</p><p> bta = Pei-ping 1954 System, China</p><p> btb = Pelarang, Kalimantan, Indonesia</p><p> btc = Pen Phare, Vietnam</p><p> btd = Pepito, Bolivia</p><p> bte = Perak, Kedah, Malaysia (West)</p><p> btf = Perth Observatory, Western Australia</p><p> btg = Perth 1899, Western Australia</p><p> bth = Pete Astro 1969, Zanzibar</p><p> bti = Phare d'Ayabele, Djibouti, French Somaliland</p><p> btj = Phare du Cap Blanc, Mauritania</p><p> btk = Phoenix Island, Phoenix Islands</p><p> btl = Pico de las Nieves, Gran Canaria, Canary Islands</p><p> btm = Pico de São Tomé, São Tomé Island</p><p> btn = Pico Norte</p><p> bto = Pidurutal Agala, Ceylon</p><p> btp = Pier Observation Spot, Fila Harbour, Efate Island, New Hebrides</p><p> btq = Pilar Astrónomico de Ponta Grossa, Brazil</p><p> btr = Pilar Astrónomico (S Paulo), Brazil</p><p> bts = Pilar de Observaciones de Puerto, Argentina</p><p> btt = Pilar do Forte, Brazil</p><p> caa = Pinder Point Light, Bahamas</p><p> cab = Pingelap Island Observation Spot, Pingelap Island, Caroline Islands</p><p> cac = Pintados SE Base, Chile</p><p> cad = P'ing-ti-ch Uan, China</p><p> cae = Pitcairn Astro 1967</p><p> caf = Plantation Point, Jervis Bay, Australian Capital Territory, Australia</p><p> cag = Point A Subcommission 5 Boundary Survey, Chile-Argentina</p><p> cah = Ponape Astro 1962</p><p> cai = Port Etienne, Mauritania</p><p> caj = Port Huon Hospital Bay Observation Spot, Tasmania</p><p> cak = Port Langdon South Base, Groote Eylandt, Northern Territory, Australia</p><p> cal = Port Lockroy</p><p> cam = Porto Santo Observatory, Madeira Islands</p><p> can = Poto Astro, Bolivia</p><p> cao = Potsdam (Helmertturm), Germany</p><p> cap = Poulo Condore (Con Son), Vietnam</p><p> caq = Pronto Socorro, Brazil</p><p> car = Provisional Chilean 1963</p><p> cas = Provisional National, Australia</p><p> cat = Provisional South American 1956 Datum</p><p> cba = Puerto Rico Datum, Puerto Rico, Greater Antilles</p><p> cbb = Pulap Astronomic Station No. B1 (1920), Pulap Atoll, Caroline Islands</p><p> cbc = Pulkovo 1913 System, USSR</p><p> cbd = Pulkovo 1932 System, USSR</p><p> cbe = Pulkovo 1942 System, USSR</p><p> cbf = Punaavia Base North End, Tahiti, Society Islands</p><p> cbg = Puntarenas, Costa Rica</p><p> cbh = P2 Point, Ile des Petrels, Adelie Land, Antarctica</p><p> cbi = Quito Observatorio, Ecuador</p><p> cbj = Qornoq Datum, Greenland</p><p> cbk = Ramakure-Byo Astro, China</p><p> cbl = Ra usuva, Viti Levu Island, Fiji Islands</p><p> cbm = Reconnaissance Triangulation, Morocco</p><p> cbn = Red Bridge Astronomic Station, China</p><p> cbo = Residence Flagstaff, Margarava Island, Gambier Islands</p><p> cbp = Reval (Tallin), Estonia</p><p> cbq = Reykjavik, Iceland</p><p> cbr = Riga Petera Baznica (St Peter S Church, Riga) Latvia</p><p> cbs = Rikuraru (Emijwan) Island Triangulation Station and Likiep Island South Pass Reef Triangulation Station, Likiep Atoll, Marshall Islands</p><p> cbt = Rio Benito, Rio Muni, Spanish Guinea</p><p><i>Roma Monte Mario 1875</i> see Monte Mario, 1875, Rome (bnc)</p><p><i>Roma Monte Mario 1940</i> see Monte Mario, 1940, Rome (bnd)</p><p> cca = Rongelap Island Observation Spot, Marshall Islands</p><p> ccb = Rongelap 1959 Datum, Marshall Islands</p><p> ccc = Rota 1950 71 Esld, Rota Island, Mariana Islands</p><p> ccd = Royal Alfred Obsv, Mauritania</p><p> cce = Royal Government of Afghanistan (RGA)</p><p> ccf = Rube Point Observation Spot, Ebo Atoll, Marshall Islands</p><p> ccg = Rum Cay Light, Bahamas</p><p> cch = Sainte Anne I, Guadeloupe, Lesser Antilles</p><p> cci = Saipan Astro US Navy 1944, Saipan Island, Mariana Islands</p><p> ccj = Sakura-dai I, Manchuria</p><p> cck = Sakura-dai II, Manchuria</p><p> ccl = Sakura-dai III, Manchuria</p><p> ccm = Sama Base, Peru</p><p> ccn = Samana Fort, Dominican Republic, Greater Antilles</p><p> cco = Samate, Salawati Island, West Irian</p><p> ccp = Santa Maria-GS-8, Grenada, Lesser Antilles</p><p> ccq = Santa Maria Light, Bahamas</p><p> ccr = San Fernando Observatory, Spain</p><p> ccs = San Miguel Astro, Ecuador</p><p> cct = San-tsao Tao Astro, China</p><p> cda = San-ya Astro (1940), China</p><p> cdb = São Braz, São Miguel and Santa Maria, Azores</p><p> Sapper Hill, Falkland Islands use cmp</p><p> cdc = Sarigan Astronomic Station (1921), Sarigan Island, Mariana Islands</p><p> cdd = Sarigan Astro 1964, Sarigan Island, Mariana Islands</p><p> cde = Schwarzeck, South West Africa</p><p> cdf = Seba, Sawu Island, Indonesia</p><p> cdg = Selwa, Arabia</p><p> cdh = Semaphore Mast Cayenne, French Guyana</p><p> cdi = Semaphore of Noumea (1935), New Caledonia</p><p> cdj = Semporna, Malaysia (East)</p><p> cdk = Shah-ho-chen Astro, China</p><p> cdl = Shan-hai-kuan Lighthouse, China</p><p> cdm = Shang-ch'uan Tao Astro, China</p><p> cdn = Shen'hsien Astro, China</p><p><i>Shinkyo</i> see Manchurian Principal System (bko)</p><p> cdo = Shumushu Astro, Kuril Islands</p><p> cdp = Shun-i, China</p><p> cdq = Siamese, Thailand</p><p> cdr = Sierra Leone Datum, Sierra Leone</p><p> cds = Signal Goeland, Mauritania</p><p> cdt = Sin-do, Manchuria</p><p> cea = Sinyum, Pahang, Malaysia (West)</p><p> ceb = Smolensk Nikolai, USSR</p><p> cec = Socotra 1957</p><p> ced = Soke, Turkey</p><p> cee = Soldano Rock, Venezuela</p><p> cef = Sommet Tano, New Caledonia</p><p> ceg = South African, South Africa</p><p> ceh = South American 1969</p><p> cei = South Asia Datum</p><p> cej = South Point Light, Bahamas</p><p> cek = South Station, Tongatobu,Tonga Islands</p><p> cel = South Sumatra, Indonesia</p><p> cem = Southeast Island, Seychelles</p><p> cen = Spitzbergen</p><p> ceo = Stalingrad-Kasan, USSR</p><p> cep = Stockholm, Sweden</p><p> ceq = Stocking Island Astro, Bahamas</p><p> cer = Stringer Trig, Papua</p><p> ces = St Helena 1906</p><p> cet = St Louis, Senegal</p><p> cfa = St Matthew Astronomical Datum, Alaska</p><p> cfb = St Paul-St George 1944 Datum, Pribilof Islands, Alaska</p><p> cfc = St Petersburg, USSR</p><p> cfd = St Stephen S Turm, Vienna, Austria</p><p> cfe = Sui'hsien Astro, China</p><p> cff = Sui-yang, China</p><p> cfg = Sul SW Base, Brazil</p><p> cfh = Sumner Astro 1944, Caroline Islands</p><p> cfi = Survey Beacon SLS 28/57/107, Sierra Leone</p><p> cfj = Sverdlovsk, Vozneseniya Cathedral, USSR</p><p> cfk = Svobodnyy 1935 System, USSR</p><p> cfl = Sweetings Cay Light, Bahamas</p><p> cfm = Sydney Island, Phoenix Islands</p><p> cfn = Sydney Observatory, New South Wales, Australia</p><p> cfo = Szechwan, China</p><p> cfp = Table Hill, New Zealand</p><p> cfq = Ta-ch'ang-t'u Shan Astro, China</p><p> cfr = Ta-sha-kang, China</p><p> cfs = Tacloban, Leyte, Philippines</p><p> cft = Tai-lai I, Manchuria</p><p> cga = Tai-lai II, Manchuria</p><p> cgb = Tai-lai III, Manchuria</p><p> cgc = Tai-lai IV, Manchuria</p><p> cgd = Tai-lao VI, Manchuria</p><p> cge = Tai-ping-chiao, Manchuria</p><p> cgf = Taira Datum, Miyaka-Jima, Ryukyu Islands</p><p> cgg = Takowaka Island Observation Spot, Marshall Islands</p><p> cgh = Talalabad, Afghanistan</p><p> cgi = Tananarive Observatory Datum, Madagascar</p><p> cgk = Tanapag Harbor, Saipan, Mariana Islands</p><p> cgl = Tang-yang Astro, China</p><p> cgm = Tao-hua-pao Astro, China</p><p> cgn = Taongi Astro 1952</p><p> cgo = Taroa island Triangulation Station, Maloelap Atoll, Marshall Islands</p><p> cgp = Tashkent 1875 System, USSR</p><p> cgq = TCI, Trucial States</p><p> cgr = Te-an Astro, China</p><p> cgs = Tebun-Byo Astro, China</p><p> cgt = Termez Astro, USSR</p><p> cha = Ternate, Moluccas, Indonesia</p><p> chb = Testigos Astro, Venezuela</p><p> chc = Tete, Mozambique</p><p> chd = TG Soeadja (Hollandia), West Irian</p><p> che = Thorshavn, Faeroes</p><p> chf = Tien-wen-tien Astro, China</p><p> chg = Tiflis, USSR</p><p> chh = Timbalai 1936 Datum, Brunei, Borneo</p><p> chi = Timbalai 1938 Datum, Brunei, Borneo</p><p> chj = Timbalai 1948 Datum, Brunei, Borneo</p><p> chk = Tinian Control 1950, Mariana Islands</p><p> chl = Tiranë, Albania</p><p> chm = Tobruk, Libya</p><p> chn = T'o-k'o-t'o Astro, China</p><p> cho = Tokowa Island Observation Spot, Mili Atoll, Marshall Islands</p><p> chp = Tokyo Astronomical Observatory (Old) 1918, Japan</p><p><i>Tokyo Control</i> see Approximate Tokyo Datum (ade)</p><p><i>Tokyo Control, Sakhalin</i> see Approximate Tokyo Datum (ade)</p><p> chq = Tokyo Datum, Japan</p><p><i>Tokyo Observatory, Kuril Islands</i> see Approximate Tokyo Datum (ade)</p><p> chr = To-lun, China</p><p> chs = Tomor 1961</p><p> cht = Toro, Uganda</p><p> cia = Towe Island Astro, Galapagos Islands, Ecuador</p><p> cib = Townsville, Queensland, Australia</p><p> cic = Transmit of Venus Station, Moqattam Hills, Cairo, Egypt (United Arab Republic)</p><p> cid = Tres Barras Extremo NE da Base, Brazil</p><p> cie = Trig A (North Taieri Meridional Circuit), South Island, New Zealand</p><p> cif = Triangulation Pointe Noire 1950-57, Congo, Brazzaville</p><p> cig = Trig A (Hawke S Bay Meridional Circuit), North Island, New Zealand</p><p> cih = Trig A (Poverty Bay Meridional Circuit), North Island, New Zealand</p><p> cii = Trig E, South Island, New Zealand</p><p> cij = Trig E Maketu, North Island, New Zealand</p><p> cik = Trinidad Trigonometrical Survey Datum, Trinidad, Lesser Antilles</p><p> cil = Tripoli (New Lighthouse), Libya</p><p> cim = Truk Astro 1951, Truk Island, Caroline Islands</p><p> cin = Ts'ao'hsien Astro, China</p><p> cio = Tshinsenda Base NW End (Point A), Zaire</p><p> cip = Tsingtao Observatory, China</p><p> ciq = Tsitsihar (Lungkiang), Manchuria</p><p> cir = Tsun-hua Astro, China</p><p> cis = T'ung-chou, China</p><p> cit = T'ung-shan Astro (East Base), China</p><p> cja = Tu-lung, China</p><p> cjb = Tuhirangi, North Island, New Zealand</p><p> cjc = Tung-sha'tao Astro, China</p><p> cjd = Tung-shih Astro, China</p><p> cje = Tunheim, Bear Island</p><p> cjf = Tu-shih'kou Astro, China</p><p> cjg = Tutuila Astro 1962, Tutuila Islands, Samoa Islands</p><p> cjh = Ubajay (Old), Argentina</p><p> cji = Ubajay 1928, Argentina</p><p> cjk = Ujelang Island Observation Spot, Marshall Islands</p><p> cjl = Ulul Astronomic Station (1916) Namonuito Atoll, Caroline Islands</p><p> cjm = Umm Er Rus, Arabia</p><p> cjn = Unalaska Datum, Aleutian Islands, Alaska</p><p> cjo = Uruppu Astro, Kuril Islands</p><p> cjp = US Naval Surveys 1944, Gilbert Islands</p><p> cjq = US Standard Datum, USA</p><p> cjr = Usho Chart 5416 (1945), Minto Reef, Caroline Islands</p><p> cjs = Uspallata NE Base, Argentina</p><p> cjt = Vaitape Flatstaff, Borabora Island, Society Islands</p><p> cka = Val de Serra, Brazil</p><p> ckb = Valdez Datum, Alaska</p><p> ckc = Valentine, Western Australia</p><p> ckd = Valle Huemules EG, Argentina</p><p> cke = Vanguard Datum, USA</p><p> ckf = Varesmae (System 1937), Estonia</p><p> ckg = Vi Astro, St Vincent, Lesser Antilles</p><p> ckh = Victoria Lighthouse, Seychelles</p><p> cki = Victoria Peak, China</p><p> ckj = Vieux Fort, St Lucia, Lesser Antilles</p><p> ckk = Vigan, Luzon, Philippines</p><p> ckl = Villa Cisneros, Spanish Sahara</p><p> ckm = Voirol, Algeria</p><p> ckn = Volga River Triangulation</p><p> cko = Wabutima, Kiriwina Island, Trobriand Islands</p><p> ckp = Waigama Misool Flagstaff, West Irian</p><p> ckq = Wake Island Astro 1952</p><p> ckr = Wenang, Sulawesi, Indonesia</p><p> cks = West Base Astro, China</p><p> ckt = West Entrance Observation Spot, Canton Island, Phoenix Islands</p><p> cla = Weti, Pemba Island</p><p> clb = White Sands Datum, USA</p><p> clc = White Sea, USSR</p><p> cld = World Geodetic System 1960</p><p> cle = World Geodetic System 1966</p><p> clf = World Geodetic System 1972</p><p> clg = Wotje Island Observation Spot, Wotje Atoll, Marshall Islands</p><p> clh = Wu-ch'uan Astro, China</p><p> cli = Wu-lan-hua, China</p><p> clj = Wu-t'ai Astro, China</p><p> clk = XXIII Aratunga, Cook Islands</p><p> cll = Yacare, Uruguay</p><p> clm = Yang-hsien Astro, China</p><p> cln = Yang-lou-t Ung Astro, China</p><p> clo = Yang-p'u-chiang Astro, China</p><p> clp = Yang yuan Astro, China</p><p> clq = Yavin B, Argentina</p><p> clr = Yea Yama, Ryukyu Islands</p><p> cls = Yekaterinograd, USSR</p><p> clt = Yenikale, USSR</p><p> cma = Yenisey, USSR</p><p> cmb = Yeuh-chou Astro, China</p><p> cmc = Yof Astro 1967</p><p> cmd = Yu'hsien Astro, China</p><p> cme = Yu-shan Astro, China</p><p> cmf = Yukon Datum, Alaska/Yukon Territory</p><p> cmg = Yung-ch'eng Astro, China</p><p> cmh = Yung-yuan-Chiao, Manchuria</p><p> cmi = Yur Yev, USSR</p><p> cmj = Zagli, USSR</p><p> cmk = Zamboanga, Mindanao, Philippines</p><p> cml = Zapara Island, Venezuela</p><p> cmm = Zigida Astro, Liberia</p><p> cmn = Zvirblaiciai, Lithuania</p><p> cmo = Afgooye, Somalia</p><p> cmp = Sapper Hill, Falkland Islands</p><p> taa = Astronomically determined</p><p><i>Independent astronomic datum</i> see Local (tab)</p><p> tab = Local</p><p> tac = Local astro</p><p> tad = No datum</p><p> tae = Other known horizontal datum</p><p> zzz = Other known horizontal datum</p>|}</p><p> </p><p><b>131$c: Cartographic Materials CodesСистема координат</b></p><p></p><p>Перечень кодов для системы координат состоит из двух частей. Первая часть содержит коды сеток координат, составленных автоматически. Вторая часть содержит коды ссылочных систем, составленных не математическим способом (и поэтому являющихся произвольными), или систем, используемых для увеличения сетки с целью пояснений к пользованию сеткой координат при помощи буквенных или цифровых обозначений. </p><p>{| class="tab" width="90%" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" align="center" valign="TOP"| width="50%" | aa = Aden Zone<p> ab = Afghanistan Gauss-Krueger Grid</p><p><i>Africa Belt, East</i> see East Africa Belt (co)</p><p><i>Africa Zone, Northwest</i> see Northwest Africa Zone (kj)</p><p><i>Afrique Equatoriale Française (AEF) Fuseau</i> see French Equatorial Africa Grid (dj)</p><p> ac = Alabama Coordinate System</p><p> ad = Alaska Coordinate System</p><p> ae = Albania Bonne Grid</p><p><i>Algeria System Lambert</i> see Algeria Zone (af)</p><p> af = Algeria Zone See also North Algeria Zone (kb), South Algeria Zone (mk)</p><p> ag = American Somoa Coordinate System</p><p> ah = Argentine Gauss-Krueger Conformal Grid</p><p> ai = Arizona Coordinate System</p><p> aj = Arkansas Coordinate System</p><p> al = Australia Belts</p><p> am = Australian Map Grid</p><p> an = Austria Gauss-Krueger Grid</p><p> ao = Azores Gauss Conformal Grid</p><p> ap = Azores Gauss Zone</p><p> aq = Baku 1927 Coordinate System</p><p> ar = Bavaria Soldner Coordinate System</p><p> as = Belgium Bonne Grid</p><p> at = Belgium Lambert Grid</p><p> ba = Borneo Rectified Skew Orthomorphic Grid</p><p> bb = Brazil Gauss Conformal Grid</p><p> bc = Brazil Cassini Grid (10km letters)</p><p> bd = British Cassini Grid (100km letters)</p><p><i>British Guiana Transverse Mercator Grid</i> see Guyana Transverse Mercator Grid (ek)</p><p><i>British Modified Grid, Canada</i> see Canada British Modified Grid (bh)</p><p><i>British National Grid</i> see National Grid of Britain [metres or yards] (ht, ja)</p><p> be = British West Indies Grid</p><p> bf = Bulgaria Grauss-Krueger</p><p> bg = California Coordinate System</p><p><i>Cambodia Bonne Grid</i> see French Indochina Bonne Grid (dl)</p><p> bh = Canada British Modified Grid</p><p> bi = Canary Islands (Spanish) Lambert Grid</p><p> bj = Canary Islands Zone</p><p> bk = Cape Verde Islands Zone</p><p> bl = Cape Verde Peninsula Grid</p><p> bm = Caspian Zone</p><p><i>Cassini War Office Grid</i> see British Cassini Grid (bc) or (bd)</p><p> bn = Caucasus Zone</p><p> bo = Ceylon Belt</p><p> bp = Chile Gauss Conformal Grid</p><p> bq = China Belt</p><p> br = China Lambert Grid</p><p> bs = Colombia Gauss Conformal Grid</p><p> bt = Colorado Coordinate System</p><p> ca = Connecticut Coordinate System</p><p><i>Corsica Lambert Grid</i> see French Lambert Grid (dm)</p><p> cb = Costa Rica Lambert Grid</p><p> cc = Crete Zone</p><p> cd = Crimea Grid</p><p> ce = Cuba Lambert Grid</p><p> cf = Cyprus Grid</p><p> cg = Czechoslovak Military Grid</p><p> ch = Czechoslovak Uniform Cadastral Coordinate System</p><p> ci = Dahomey Belt</p><p><i>Dakar Local Grid</i> see Cape Verde Peninsula Grid (bl)</p><p> cj = Danube Zone</p><p> ck = Delaware Coordinate System</p><p> cl = Denmark General Staff Grid</p><p> cm = Denmark Geodetic Institute System 1934</p><p><i>Deutsches Heeresgitter (DHG)</i> see German Army Grid (dt)</p><p><i>Deutsches Reichsgitter (DRG)</i> see German Gauss-Krueger Grid (ea)</p><p> cn = Dominican Lambert Grid</p><p> co = East Africa Belt</p><p> cp = Egypt Gauss Conformal Grid</p><p> cq = Egypt Purple Belt</p><p> cr = Egypt Red Belt</p><p> cs = Egypt 35 degree belt</p><p> ct = El Salvador Lambert Grid</p><p> da = English Belt</p><p><i>English Cessini Grid</i> see British Cassini Grid (bd)</p><p><i>English National Grid</i> see National Grid of Great Britain [metres or yards] (ht, ja)</p><p> db = Estonian Grid</p><p> dc = Fernando Po Gauss Grid</p><p> dd = Fiji Grid</p><p> de = Finland Gauss-Krueger Grid</p><p> df = Florida Coordinate System</p><p> dg = Formosa (Taiwan) Gauss-Schreiber Coordinate System</p><p> dh = Franz Joseph Land Zone</p><p> di = French Bonne Grid</p><p> dj = French Equatorial Africa Grid</p><p> dk = French Guiana Gauss Grid</p><p> dl = French Indochina Bonne Grid</p><p> dm = French Lambert Zone</p><p> dn = French Somaliland Gauss-Laborde Grid</p><p> do = Gabon Belt</p><p> dp = Gabon Gauss Conformal Grid</p><p> dq = Guadeloupe Gauss-Laborde Grid</p><p> dr = Gauss-Krueger Grid</p><p> ds = Georgia Coordinate System</p><p> dt = German Army Grid (DHG)</p><p> ea = German Gauss-Krueger Grid</p><p> eb = Ghana National Grid</p><p><i>Gold Coast Colony Grid</i> see Ghana National Grid (eb)</p><p> ec = Greece Azimuthal Grid</p><p> ed = Greece Bonne Grid</p><p> ee = Greece Conical Mecklenburg Coordinates</p><p> ef = Greece Conical Mecklenburg Coordinates (New Numbering)</p><p> eg = Greenland and Lambert Grid</p><p> eh = Guam Coordinate System</p><p> ei = Gautemala Lambert Grid</p><p> ej = Guinea Zone</p><p> ek = Guyana Transverse Mercator Grid</p><p> el = Haiti Lambert Grid</p><p> em = Hawaii Coordinate System</p><p> en = Hawaiian Grid</p><p> eo = Honduras Lambert Grid</p><p> ep = Hong Kong Colony Grid</p><p> eq = Hong Kong New System Cassini Grid</p><p> er = Hungary Stereographic Grid</p><p> es = Iberian Peninsula Zone</p><p> et = Iceland New Lambert Grid</p><p> fa = Iceland Zone</p><p> fb = Idaho Coordinate System</p><p> fc = Illinois Coordinate System</p><p> fd = India Zone (Unspecified)</p><p><i>India Zones, (specified)</i> see Indias ri-rq</p><p><i>Indochina Bonne Grid</i> see French Indochina Bonne Grid (dl)</p><p> fe = Indonesia Mercator Grid</p><p> ff = Indonesia Polyhedric Grid</p><p> fg = Iowa Coordinate System</p><p> fh = Iran National Grid</p><p> fi = Iraq National Grid</p><p> fj = Iraq Zone</p><p> fk = Irish Cassini Grid</p><p> fl = Irish Transverse Mercator Grid</p><p> fm = Italy Gauss-Boaga Grid</p><p> fn = Italy Zone See also North Italy Zone (kc), South Italy Zone (mo)</p><p> fo = Ivory Coast Azimuthal Grid</p><p> fp = Ivory Coast Belt</p><p> fq = Jamaica Foot Grid</p><p> fr = Japan Plane-Rectangular Coordinate System</p><p> fs = Japan Gauss-Schreiber Grid</p><p> ft = Johore Grid</p><p> ga = Kansas Coordinate System</p><p> gb = Katanga Grid</p><p> gc = Kentucky Coordinate System</p><p> gd = Kenya Colony Grid</p><p> ge = Korea Gauss-Schreiber Coordinate System</p><p> gf = Kwangsi Province Grid</p><p> gg = Kwantung Province Grid</p><p> gh = Lambert Conformal Conic Grid</p><p><i>Laos Bonne Grid</i> see French Indochina Bonne Grid (dl)</p><p> gi = Latvia Coordinate System</p><p> gj = Levant Stereographic Grid</p><p> gk = Levant Zone</p><p> gl = Liberia Rectified Skew Orthomorphic Grid</p><p> gm = Libya Zone</p><p><i>Libya Zone, South</i> see South Libya Zone (mp)</p><p> gn = Lithuania Gauss-Krueger Grid</p><p> go = Louisiana Coordinate System</p><p> gp = Luxembourg Gauss-Krueger Grid</p><p> gq = Madagascar Grid</p><p> gr = Madeira Zone</p><p> gs = Maine Coordinate System</p><p> gt = Malaya Grid</p><p><i>Malaya Northern Grid</i> see Northern Malaya Grid (ki)</p><p> ha = Malaya Rectified Skew Orthomorphic (metre) Grid</p><p> hb = Malaya Rectified Skew Orthomorphic (yard) Grid</p><p> hc = Maldive-Chagos Belt</p><p> hd = Malta Belt</p><p><i>Maroc System Lambert</i> see Morocco Zone (hq) </p><p> he = Martinique Gauss Grid</p><p> hf = Maryland Coordinate System</p><p> hg = Massachusetts Coordinate System</p><p> hh = Mauritius Zone</p><p> hi = Mecca-Muscat Zone</p><p> hj = Mediterranean Zone</p><p> hk = Mexican Lambert Grid</p><p> hl = Michigan Coordinate System</p><p> hm = Minnesota Coordinate System</p><p> hn = Mississippi Coordinate System</p><p> ho = Missouri Coordinate System</p><p></p> || hp = Montana Coordinate System<p> hq = Morocco Zone See also North Morocco Zone (ke), South Morocco Zone (mq)</p><p> hr = Mozambique Lambert Grid</p><p> hs = Mozambique Polyconic Grid</p><p> ht = National Grid of Great Britain (metres)</p><p> ja = National Grid of Great Britain (yards)</p><p> jb = Nebraska Coordinate System</p><p><i>NEI Equatorial Zone British Metric Grid</i> see Netherlands East Indies Equatorial Zone British Metric Grid (jc)</p><p><i>NEI Equatorial Zone US Yard Grid</i> see Netherlands East Indies Equatorial Zone US Yard Grid (jd)</p><p><i>NEI Southern Zone</i> see Netherlands East Indies Southern Zone (je)</p><p> jc = Netherlands East Indies Equatorial Zone British Metric Grid</p><p> jd = Netherlands East Indies Equatorial Zone US Yard Grid</p><p> je = Netherlands East Indies Southern Zone</p><p> jf = Netherlands Stereographic Grid (New Numbering)</p><p> jg = Netherlands Stereographic Grid (Old Numbering)</p><p> jh = Nevada Coordinate System</p><p><i>New Guinea Zone, Southern</i> see Southern New Guinea Zone (na)</p><p><i>New Portugal Bonne Grid</i> see Portugal Bonne Grid, New (lg)</p><p> ji = New Sierra Leone Colony Grid</p><p> jj = New York Coordinate System</p><p> jk = New Zealand Belt</p><p> jl = New Zealand (North Island) Belt</p><p> jm = New Zealand (South Island) Belt</p><p> jn = New Zealand National Grid</p><p> jo = Nicaragua Lambert Grid</p><p> jp = Niger Belt</p><p> jq = Niger Zone</p><p> jr = Nigeria Colony Belt</p><p> js = Nord de Guerre Zone</p><p> jt = North Carolina Coordinate System</p><p> ka = North Dakota Coordinate System</p><p> kb = North Algeria Zone</p><p> kc = North Italy Zone</p><p> kd = North Korean Gauss-Krueger Grid</p><p> ke = North Morocco Zone</p><p> kf = North Sahara Zone</p><p> kg = North Tunisia Zone</p><p> kh = Northern European Zone</p><p> ki = Northern Malaya Grid</p><p> kj = Northwest Africa Zone</p><p> kk = Norway Gauss-Krueger Grid</p><p> kl = Ohio Coordinate System</p><p> km = Oklahoma Coordinate System</p><p><i>Old Portugal Bonne Grid</i> see Portugal Bonne Grid, Old</p><p> kn = Oregon Coordinate System</p><p> ko = Palestine Belt</p><p> kp = Palestine Cassini Grid <!-- see Palestine Civil Grid (kp) --></p><p> kq = Palestine Civil Grid (Cassini)</p><p> kr = Panama Lambert Grid</p><p> ks = Paraquay Gauss-Krueger Grid</p><p> kt = Peiping Coordinate System of 1954</p><p> la = Pennsylvania Coordinate System</p><p> lb = Peru Polyconic Grid</p><p><i>Philippine Grid</i> see Philippine Polyconic Grid (ld)</p><p> lc = Philippine Plane Coordinate System</p><p> ld = Philippine Polyconic Grid</p><p><i>Philippine Zone</i> see Philippine Polyconic Grid</p><p> le = Poland Gauss-Krueger Grid</p><p> lf = Poland Quasi-Stereographic Grid</p><p><i>Poland Stereographic Grid</i> see Poland Quasi-Stereographic Grid (lf)</p><p> lg = Portugal Bonne Grid, New</p><p> lh = Portugal Gauss Grid</p><p> li = Puerto Rico Coordinate System</p><p> lj = Puerto Rico Lambert Grid</p><p> lk = Pulkovo Coordinate System of 1932</p><p><i>Pulkovo Coordinate System of 1942</i> see Soviet Coordinate System of 1942 (nb)</p><p> ll = Qatar Grid</p><p> lm = Qatar Peninsula Grid</p><p> ln = Réunion Gauss Grid</p><p> lo = Rhode Island Coordinate System</p><p> lp = Rumania Bonne Grid</p><p> lq = Rumania Lambert-Cholesky Grid</p><p> lr = Rumania Stereographic Grid</p><p> ls = Russian Belts</p><p> lt = Sahara Zone See also North Sahara Zone (kf), South Sahara Zone (mr)</p><p> ma = Sarawak Grid</p><p> mb = Sarawak Belt</p><p> mc = Seychelles Belt</p><p> md = Sirte (Libya) Lambert Grid</p><p> me = South Africa Belts (Unspecified Unit of Measurement) - for Republic of South Africa use South Africa Coordinate System (mj)</p><p> mf = South Africa Belts (metres) - for Republic of South Africa use South Africa Coordinate System (mj)</p><p> mg = South Africa Belts (yards) - for Rep of South Africa use South Africa Coordinate System (mj)</p><p> mh = South Africa Belts (Cape Feet) - for Republic of South Africa use South Africa Coordinate System (mj)</p><p> mi = South Africa Belts (English feet) - for Republic of South Africa use South Africa Coordinate System (mj)</p><p> mj = South Africa Coordinate System (Republic of South Africa)</p><p> mk = South Algeria Zone</p><p> ml = South Carolina Coordinate System</p><p> mm = South Dakota Coordinate System</p><p> mn = South Georgia Lambert Grid</p><p> mo = South Italy Zone</p><p> mp = South Libya Zone</p><p> mq = South Morocco Zone</p><p> mr = South Sahara Zone</p><p> ms = South Syria Zone</p><p> mt = South Tunisia Zone</p><p><i>Southern Malaya Grid</i> see Johore Grid (ft)</p><p> mu = South Syria Lambert Zone</p><p> na = Southern New Guinea Zone</p><p><i>Soviet Coordinate System of 1932</i> see Pulkovo Coordinate System of 1932 (lk)</p><p> nb = Soviet Coordinate System of 1942</p><p> nc = Spain Lambert Grid</p><p> nd = Spanish North-Morocco Lambert Grid</p><p> ne = Spanish Sahara Grid</p><p> nf = Spitzbergen Zone</p><p><i>Standard South African Grid</i> see South Africa Coordinate System (mj)</p><p><i>Sud Syrie System Lambert</i> see South Syria Lambert Zone (mu)</p><p> ng = Svalbard Gauss-Krueger Grid</p><p> nh = Svobodny 1935 Coordinate System</p><p> ni = Sweden Gauss-Hanover Grid</p><p> nj = Switzerland Bonne Grid</p><p> nk = Switzerland Conformal Oblique Cylindrical Grid</p><p><i>Syrie System Lambert</i> see Levant Zone (gk)</p><p><i>System of Geodetic Coordinate of 1942</i> see Soviet Coordinate System of 1942 (nb)</p><p> nl = Tanganyika Territorial Grid</p><p> nm = Tashkent 1875 Coordinate Grid</p><p> nn = Tennessee Coordinate System</p><p> no = Texas Coordinate System</p><p> np = Tobago Grid</p><p><i>Transverse Mercator Grid</i> see Gauss-Krueger Grid (dr)</p><p> nq = Trinidad Grid</p><p> nr = Trucial Coast Cassini Grid</p><p> ns = Tunisia Zone See also North Tunisia Zone (kg), South Tunisia Zone (mt)</p><p><i>Tunisia System Lambert</i> see Tunisia Zone (ns)</p><p> nt = Turkey Bonne Grid</p><p> pa = Turkey Gauss-Krueger Grid</p><p> pb = Uganda Cassini Coordinate System</p><p> pc = Universal Polar Stereographic Grid</p><p> pd = Universal Transverse Mercator Grid; unspecified spheroid</p><p> pe = Universal Transverse Mercator Grid; International spheroid</p><p> pf = Universal Transverse Mercator Grid; Everest Spheroid</p><p> pg = Universal Transverse Mercator Grid; Clarke 1866 spheroid</p><p> ph = Universal Transverse Mercator Grid; Clarke 1880 spheroid</p><p> pi = Universal Transverse Mercator Grid; Besel spheroid</p><p> pj = Universal Transverse Mercator Grid; Australian National spheroid</p><p> pk = Universal Transverse Mercator Grid; South American Spheroid</p><p> pl = Universal Transverse Mercator Grid; unspecified WGS spheroid</p><p> pm = Universal Transverse Mercator Grid; WGS 1966 spheroid</p><p> pn = Universal Transverse Mercator Grid; WGS 1972 spheroid</p><p><i>UPS Grid</i> see Universal Polar Stereographic Grid (pc)</p><p> po = Uruguay Gauss-Krueger Grid</p><p> pq = US Polyconic Grid System</p><p> pr = Utah Coordinate System</p><p><i>UTM Grid</i> see Universal Transverse Mercator Grid</p><p> ps = Venezuela Modified Lambert Grid</p><p> pt = Vermont Coordinate System</p><p> ra = Vietnam Azimuthal Grid</p><p><i>Vietnam Bonne Grid</i> see French Indochina Bonne Grid (dl)</p><p> rb = Virginia Coordinate System</p><p><i>War Office Cassini Grid</i> see British Consul Grid</p><p><i>West Indies Belt</i> see British West Indies Grid (be)</p><p><i>West Malaysia Rectified Skew Orthomorphic (Metric) Grid</i> see Malay Rectified Skew Orthomorphic [metric] Grid</p><p> rc = West Virginia Coordinate System</p><p> rd = Wisconsin Coordinate System</p><p><i>WOFO (War Office False Origin) Grid</i> see British Cassini Grid (bc) or (bd)</p><p> re = World Polyconic System</p><p> rf = Wyoming Coordinate System</p><p> rg = Yugoslavia Gauss-Krueger Grid (Not reduced)</p><p> rh = Yugoslavia Reduced Gauss-Krueger Grid</p><p> ri = Yunnan Province Grid</p><p> rj = India Zone 0</p><p> rk = India Zone I</p><p> rl = India Zone IIA</p><p> rm = India Zone IIB</p><p> rn = India Zone IIIA</p><p> ro = India Zone IIIB</p><p> rp = India Zone IVA</p><p> rq = India Zone IVB</p>|}</p><p> </p><p><b>131$c - 2 часть</b></p><p>Вторая часть содержит коды ссылочных систем, составленных не математическим способом (и поэтому являющихся произвольными), или систем, используемых для увеличения сетки с целью пояснений к пользованию сеткой координат при помощи буквенных или цифровых обозначений. Также содержит исключенные коды. </p><p>{| class="tab" width="90%" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" align="center" valign="TOP"| width="50%" | ta = Air Defense Grid<p> tb = Air Support Grid</p><p> tc = Artillery Referencing Systems</p><p> td = Graticule enhanced by alpha-and/or numeric notations</p><p> te = Arbitrary squaring</p><p> tf = PVO Reporting Net</p><p> tg = Kristovina map referencing system</p><p> th = Unspecified German wartime referencing system</p><p> ti = Quadratmeldenetz (QMN)</p> || tj = Luftwaffemeldenetz (LWMN)<p> tk = Gradmeldenetz (GMN)</p><p> tl = Jaegermeldenetz (JMN)</p><p> tm = Orangemeldenetz (OMN)</p><p> tn = Georef (World Geographic Referencing System)</p><p> to = Grid enhanced by alpha and/or numeric notations</p><p> tp = Heeresmeldenetz (HMN)</p><p> uu = Unknown grid</p><p> zz = Other known grid</p>|}</p><p> </p><p><b>131$f : Начало отсчета высот</b></p><p>Примечание: Начиная с кода "ta" также содержит неспецифицированные уровненные поверхности для начала отсчета высот </p><p>{| class="tab" width="90%" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" align="center" valign="TOP"| width="50%" | aa = Aburatsubo, Japan<p> ab = Accra, Ghana</p><p> ac = Aden Mean Sea Level</p><p> ad = Aden Tidal Observatory</p><p> ae = Adjusted MSL 1891, Denmark</p><p> af = Admiralty Datum, Australia</p><p> ag = Aitutaki, Cook Islands</p><p> ah = Al Faw (Fao), Iraq</p><p> aj = Alexandria, Egypt</p><p> ak = Alicante, 1870-72, Spain</p><p> al = Almirante, Panama</p><p> am = Amherst Tidal Observatory, Burma</p><p><i>Amsterdam</i> see Normal Amsterdam Piel [NAP](kr)</p><p> an = Anhwei Assumed, China</p><p> ao = Antalya, Turkey</p><p> ap = Antofagasta, Chile</p><p> Apollo 15 datum use rf</p><p> aq = Approximate Kronstadt</p><p> ar = Apra Harbor, Guam, Mariana Islands</p><p> as = Aquaba, Jordan</p><p> at = Africa (Chile), Bolivia</p><p> ba = Arica, Chile</p><p> bb = Assab, Ethiopia</p><p> bc = Auckland 1946, New Zealand</p><p> bd = Australian Capital Territory Datum Australia</p><p> be = Balboa (Canal), Panama</p><p> bf = Banana, Zaire</p><p> bg = Bangkok RR Station, Thailand</p><p> bh = Barahona, Dominican Republic</p><p> bi = Beira, Rhodesia</p><p> bj = Beirut, Lebanon</p><p> bk = Belfast, Ireland</p><p> bl = Belize, British Honduras</p><p> bm = Bench Mark 1 MSL (1949), Mariana Islands</p><p> bn = Bench Mark 4 MSL, Mariana Islands</p><p> bo = Berlin, Germany</p><p> bp = Biloxi, Mississippi, USA</p><p> bq = Bluff, 1955, New Zealand</p><p> br = Bluff, 1960, New Zealand</p><p> bs = Brisbane MSL, Queensland, Australia</p><p> bt = Broome Jetty MSL, Western Australia</p><p> ca = Brussels, Belgium</p><p> cb = Buenaventura, Colombia</p><p> cc = Burnie, Tasmania</p><p> cd = Byrd Station, Antarctica</p><p> ce = Cagliari 1956, Sardinia</p><p> cf = Cairo, Illinois, USA</p><p> cg = Callao, Peru</p><p> ch = Camarta BM, Nicobar Island</p><p> ci = Cape Town, South Africa</p><p> cj = Cape York MSL, Queensland, Australia</p><p> ck = Cartagena (Atlantic Coast), Colombia</p><p> cl = Casablanca 1922, Morocco</p><p> cm = Cascais 1881-1938, Portugal</p><p> cn = Chekiang Assumed, China</p><p> co = Chen-chiang Customs, China</p><p> cp = Chih-huang Tao, China</p><p> cq = Chihli River Commission, China</p><p> cr = Chi-lung (Kirun), Taiwan</p><p> cs = Ching Tao MSL, China</p><p><i>Chingkiang Customs Zero Gauge</i> see Chen-chiang Customs (co)</p><p> da = Coatzacoalcos, Mexico</p><p> db = Colombo 1884-90, Ceylon</p><p> dc = Conakry, Guinea-Bissau</p><p> dd = Constanta, Rumania</p><p> de = Cooktown MSL, Queensland, Australia</p><p> df = Cristobal (Canal), Panama</p><p><i>Dairen MSL</i> see Ta-lien (pn)</p><p> dh = Dakar, Senegal</p><p> di = Dansk N.N., Denmark</p><p> dj = Darwin MSL, Northern Territory, Australia</p><p> dk = Darwin Town Datum, Northern Territory, Australia</p><p> dl = Davao Wharf Tide Staff, Mindanao, Philippines</p><p> dm = Denison MSL, Western Australia</p><p> dn = Darby MSL, Western Australia</p><p> do = Devonport MSL, Tasmania</p><p> dp = Diego Garcia, Chagos Archipelago</p><p> dq = Disko Bugt, Greenland</p><p> dr = Djakarta, Java, Indonesia</p><p> ds = Dublin Bay, Ireland</p><p> dt = Dunedin 1958, New Zealand</p><p> ea = Durres, Albania</p><p> eb = Eden Tide Gauge, New South Wales, Australia</p><p> ec = Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico</p><p> ed = Errits, Denmark</p><p> ee = Federal Datum, Rhodesia</p><p> ef = Freetown, Sierra Leone</p><p> eg = Fremantle MSL, Western Australia</p><p> eh = Fukien Assumed, China</p><p> General Levelling, France use rg</p><p> ei = Genoa 1942, Italy</p><p> ej = Ginara, Punta Colombo, Cuba</p><p> ek = Golfito, Costa Rica</p><p> el = Ha Tien MSL, Vietnam</p><p> em = Haifa, Israel</p><p> en = Hai-lo Conservancy Commission, China</p><p> eo = Havana, Cuba</p><p> ep = Helsinki, Finland</p><p> eq = Hobart MSL, Tasmania</p><p> er = Hobson Bay LWM, Victoria, Australia</p><p> es = Honan Assumed, China</p><p> et = Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands</p><p> fa = Honto MSL, Sakhalin, USSR</p><p> fb = Haui River Commission, China</p><p> fc = Hunan Assumed, China</p><p> fd = Hupeh Assumed, China</p><p> fe = Ilha e Naos, Panama</p><p> ff = Illigan Harbour Tide Staff, Mindanao, Philippines</p><p> fg = Imbituba, Brazil</p><p> fh = Inch'on Provisional, Korea (South)</p><p> fi = Indian MSL, India</p><p> fj = Indian Spring Low Water</p><p> fk = International Great Lakes Datum 1935, Canada</p><p> fl = International Great Lakes Datum 1955, USA</p><p> fm = Ireland I. Dockyard, Bermuda Islands</p><p> fn = Irish Ordnance Datum (poolbeg), Ireland</p><p> fo = Isla de Pinos, Cuba</p><p> fp = Isle of Man Ordnances Datum, Great Britain</p><p> fq = Israel Land Survey Datum, Jaffa, Israel</p><p> fr = Jaffa, Israel</p><p> fs = Jehol Assumed, China</p><p> ft = K' an-men MSL, China</p><p> ga = Kavála, Greece</p><p> gb = Kiangsi Assumed, China</p><p> gc = Kiangsu Assumed, China</p><p> gd = Kiaochow Tsinan RR, China</p><p> ge = Kirin, China</p><p> gf = Klaipeda (Memel), Lithuania</p><p> gg = Ko Lak MSL, Thailand</p><p> gh = Kribi, Cameroon</p><p> gi = Kronshtadt (1840), USSR</p><p> gj = Kuala Trengganu MSL, Malaysia (West)</p><p> gk = Kwangsi Assumed, China</p><p> gl = Kwangtung Assumed, China</p><p> gm = Kweichow Assumed, China</p><p> gn = La Goulette, (Tunisia), Algeria</p><p> go = La Goulette, Tunisia</p><p> gp = La Guaira, Venezuela</p><p> gq = La Libertad, Ecuador</p><p> gr = La Libertad, El Salvador</p><p> gs = La Union (Cutuco), El Salvador</p><p> gt = Lagos, Nigeria</p><p> ha = Land Survey, Antarctica</p><p> hb = Launceston City Council Datum, Tasmania</p><p> hc = Lien-yun Chiang MSL, China</p><p> hd = Lisov, Czechoslovakia</p><p><i>Liverpool</i> see Ordnance Datum, (Liverpool) (lf)</p><p> hh = Lo-hsing-t'a Zero Point, China</p><p> hi = Lombrum, Manus Island, Admiralty Islands</p><p> hj = Lome, Togo</p><p> hk = Low Island, Great Barrier Reef</p><p> hl = Low Water Ordinary Spring Tide, Wyndham, Western Australiahm = Luanda, Angola</p><p> hn = Lyttleton 1938, New Zealand</p><p> ho = Makassar, Sulawesi, Indonesia</p><p></p> || hp = Mako Harbor, Pescadores<p> hq = Malin Head, Ireland</p><p> hr = Manila Bay MSL, Philippines</p><p> hs = Mar del Plata, Argentina</p><p> ht = Marseille 1885-96, France</p><p> ja = Matarani, Peru</p><p> jb = Matavi, Tahiti, Society Islands</p><p> jc = Maura Tide Gauge, Malaysia (East)</p><p> jd = Mawson Tide Guage, Antarctica</p><p> j = Mayaguez, Puerto Rico</p><p> jf = Mazatlan, Mexico</p><p> jg = Mediterranean, Italy (old-net)</p><p> jh = Mean Gulf Level, USA</p><p> ji = Mean High Water Sea, Antarctica</p><p> jl = Mean Sea Level Manifa Pier, Saudi Arabia</p><p> jm = Memphis, Tennessee, USA</p><p> jn = Mina Construction Datum, Kuwait</p><p> jo = Mocamedes, Angola</p><p><i>Molo Sartorio</i> see Trieste, 1875 (qj)</p><p> jp = Mombasa, Kenya</p><p> jq = Monrovia, Liberia</p><p> jr = Montevideo, Uruguay</p><p> Mösting 'a' 1960 use rh</p><p> js = Moturiki 1953, New Zealand</p><p> jt = MSL Adjustment 1927, Alaska</p><p> ka = MSL Adjustment 1935, Canadian Geodetic Datum</p><p> kb = MSL Adjustment 1958, Cuba</p><p> kc = MSL Adjustment 1959, Mexico and Panama</p><p> kd = MSL Adjustment 1960, Mexico, Central America and Colombia</p><p> ke = MSL Adjustment 1961, Haiti</p><p> kf = MSL Adjustment 1962, Chile</p><p> kg = MSL Adjustment 1964, Jamaica</p><p> kh = MSL Adjustment 1966, Ecuador and Peru</p><p> ki = NADAP I, Hungary</p><p> kj = NADAP II, Hungary</p><p> kk = Naha BM, Ryukyu Islands</p><p> kl = Narvik, Norway</p><p> km = Nelson 1955, New Zealand</p><p> kn = Nevelsk (Honto), Sakhalin </p><p><i>Newlyn</i> see Ordnance Datum (Newlyn) (lg)</p><p> ko = NM/S/G, Antarctica</p><p> kp = Nord Norges Normal Null(NNN), Norway</p><p> kq = Norges Normal Null, Norway</p><p> kr = Normal Amsterdams Piel (NAP), Netherlands</p><p> ks = Normal Null (NN), Germany</p><p> kt = Normalhoehen (NH) System 1960. East Germany</p><p> la = Noumea MSL, New Caledonia</p><p> lb = N.S.P. 1958, Surinam</p><p> lc = Okinawa Level, Ryukyu Islands</p><p> ld = Old Huang-ho-Zero Pt. China</p><p> le = Ordnance Datum (Lerwick), Shetland Islands, Great Britain</p><p> lf = Ordnance Datum (Liverpool), Great Britain</p><p> lg = Ordnance Datum (Newlyn), 1921 Great Britain</p><p> lh = Ordnance Datum (Stornoway), Outer Hebrides, Great Britain</p><p> li = Ostende, Belgium</p><p> lj = Pafos, Cyprus</p><p> lk = Perth Headland Jetty, Western Australia</p><p> ll = Pierre du Niton, Geneva, Switzerland</p><p> lm = Pimba Railway Datum, South Australia</p><p> ln = Point Fouillole, Guadeloupe</p><p> lo = Point Lonsdale, Victoria, Australial</p><p> p = Point Noire, Congo (Brazzaville)</p><p> lq = Pont de Capitainerie de le Ville, São Tomé Island</p><p> lr = Port Adelaide MSL, South Australia</p><p> ls = Port au Prince, Haiti</p><p> lt = Port aux Basques, Newfoundland</p><p> ma = Port-aux-Français, Kerguelen Is</p><p> mb = Port Dickson, Malaysia (West)</p><p> mc = Port Moresby, Papua</p><p> md = Port of Spain, Trinidad</p><p> me = Port Royal, Jamaica</p><p> mf = Port Swettenham MSL, Malaysia (West)</p><p> mg = Port Waikato 1954, New Zealand</p><p> mh = Port Weld MSL, Malaysia (West)</p><p> mi = Port Welshpool, Victoria, Australia</p><p> mj = Portland MSL, Victoria, Australia</p><p> mk = Principal Datum, Hong Kong</p><p> ml = Puerto Armuelles, Panama</p><p> mm = Puerto Cortés 1948-51, Honduras</p><p> mn = Puerto de Cristobal, Panama</p><p> mo = Puerto Limón, Costa Rica</p><p> mp = Puerto Montt, Chile</p><p> mq = Puerto Plata, Dominican Republic</p><p> mr = Puerto Puntarenas, Costa Rica</p><p> ms = Pulau Lakei, Malaysia</p><p> mt = Punta Arenas, Chile</p><p> na = Punta Penasco, Mexico</p><p> nb = Queensland State Datum, Australia</p><p> nc = Reykjavik, Iceland</p><p> nd = San Jose, Guatemala</p><p> ne = San Juan del Sur, Nicaragua</p><p> nf = Sandy Hook, New Jersey, USA</p><p> ng = Santo Antonio 1916, Principe</p><p> nh = Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic</p><p> ni = Sea Ice, Antarctica</p><p> nj = Sea Level Datum, 1912, USA</p><p> nk = Sea Level Datum, 1929, USA</p><p> nl = Sea Level, Bonin Island</p><p> nm = Seoul, S Korea</p><p> nn = Seward-Veldez MSL, Alaska</p><p> no = Shanghai Customs, China</p><p> np = Shanghai-Nanking RR, China</p><p> nq = Shansi Assumed, China</p><p> nr = Shantung Assumed, China</p><p> ns = Shensi Assumed, China</p><p> nt = Singkiang Assumed, China</p><p> pa = Shun-ch'in Water Conservancy Bureau, China</p><p> pb = Split, Yugoslavia</p><p> pc = Station R, Ille du Maregraphe, Terre Adélie, Antarctica</p><p> pd = St James, Barbados</p><p> pe = St John, New Brunswick, Canada</p><p> pf = Stockholm, Sweden</p><p> pg = Sydney Datum MSL, New South Wales, Australia</p><p> ph = Sydney Standard, New South Wales, Australia</p><p> pi = Szechwan Assumed, China</p><p> pj = Tacloban Tide Staff, Leyte, Philippines</p><p> pk = Ta-Ku MSL, China</p><p> pl = Ta-ku Zero Point, China</p><p> pm = Talara, Peru</p><p> pn = Ta-lien, China</p><p> po = Tallin (Reval), Estonia</p><p> pp = Tamatave, Malagasy Republic</p><p> pq = Tampico, Mexico</p><p> pr = Tandjungpriak TG, Java, Indonesia</p><p> ps = Tanga, Tanzania</p><p> pt = Tararu, New Zealand</p><p> qa = Thessaloniki, Greece</p><p> qb = Tibe Gauge Observatory, Port Blair, Andaman Islands</p><p> qc = Tokyo, Japan</p><p> qd = Topoplobampo, Mexico</p><p> qe = Torres (Brazil), Paraquay</p><p> qf = Torres, Brazil</p><p> qg = Torun, Poland</p><p> qh = Townsville, Queensland, Australia</p><p> qi = Tregde, Norway</p><p> qj = Trieste 1875 (Italy) Austria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Yugoslavia</p><p> qk = Tripoli, Libya</p><p><i>Tsingtao 1956, China</i> see Ching Tao MSL (cs)</p><p> qm = Unahi Road, New Zealand</p><p> qn = Valparaiso, Chile</p><p> qo = Varna, Bulgaria</p><p> qp = Vladivostok, USSR</p><p> qq = Walvis Bay, Southwest Africa</p><p> qr = Wanganui, New Zealand</p><p> qs = Wangpoo Conservancy Board, China</p><p> qt = Wellington 1953, New Zealand</p><p> ra = Williamstown LWM, Victoria, Australia</p><p> rb = Wonsan (Genzan), Korea</p><p> rc = Wu-sung MSL, China</p><p> rd = Wu-sung Zero Point, China</p><p> re = Yunnan Assumed, China</p><p> rf = Apollo 15 Datum, Moon</p><p> rg = General levelling, France</p><p> rh = Mosting "A" 1960, Moon</p>|}</p><p> </p><p><b>Неспецифицированные уровненные поверхности для начала отсчета высот</b></p><p>{| class="tab" width="90%" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" align="center" valign="TOP"| width="50%" | ta = Approximate mean sea-level<p> tb = Local</p><p> tc = Local LWM</p><p> td = Local MSL</p><p> te = Mean sea-level</p><p> tf = None</p><p> tg = Arbitrary</p><p> th = Mean low water</p><p> ti = Mean low water Springs</p> || tj = Mean lower low water<p> tk = Mean lower low water Springs</p><p> tl = Lowest normal low water</p><p> tm = Lowest low water</p><p> tn = Indian Spring low water</p><p> to = at or near the level of lowest astronomical tide</p><p> uu = unknown vertical datum</p><p> zz = other known vertical datum</p>|}</p><p> </p><p><b>131$g Единицы измерения высот</b></p><p>{| class="tab" width="90%" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" align="center" valign="TOP"| width="50%" | aa = metre <p> ab = Imperial foot </p><p> ac = saszhen</p><p> ad = klafter</p><p> ae = fathom</p><p> af = Dutch foot</p><p> ag = Prussian foot</p><p> ah = Austrian foot</p><p> ai = Spanish foot</p><p> aj = Bavarian foot</p> || ak = French foot (metric)<p> al = French foot (imperial)</p><p> am = Roman palm</p><p> an = Portuguese palm</p><p> ao = South African foot</p><p> ap = Danish foot</p><p> aq = Norwegian foot</p><p> ar = Swedish foot</p><p> uu = unknown unit of measurement</p><p> zz = other known unit of measurement </p>|}</p><div class="top_f"><a href="#top">наверх<img src="/img/next_vert.gif" alt="Наверх" style="margin-left:5px;" height="14" width="13" border="0">
== Див. також ==